Concepts
In-depth essays on analysis ideas — careful, evidence-minded, non-hype.
English essays first. Other languages fall back to English until translations are ready.
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Limits of xG in a single match
8 minWhy expected goals is a process estimate, not a courtroom verdict on one fixture — and how to write claims that survive scrutiny.
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How to read progressive passes without overclaiming
7 minProgressive passes measure advance toward goal. They do not, by themselves, prove superiority, intent, or shot quality.
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Common mistakes when interpreting PPDA and pressing numbers
8 minPPDA is a useful proxy for defensive engagement height and intensity — and easy to misread when sample, opponent, and game state are ignored.
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For short definitions, see the Glossary